Dados do Trabalho

Título

Characteristics of SARS-Cov-2 and non-SARS-Cov-2 hospitalizations due to severe acute respiratory syndrome in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 2020-2021

Introdução

Covid-19 is a systemic infection with a great diversity of clinical presentations and profile of affected people. What are the difference between individuals with respiratory symptoms suggesting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) who tested positive or negative for SARS-Cov-2?

Objetivo (s)

Present characteristics of SARS-Cov-2 and non-SARS-Cov-2 patients both hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in the years 2020 and 2021.

Material e Métodos

Cross-sectional study based on OpenDATASUS retrospective data from hospital admissions. Inpatients with the description of the nature of the cause of the disease were included, such as 1) SARS due to SARS-Cov-2 infection (Covid-19); 2) SARS due to Influenza virus; 3) SARS due to other respiratory viruses’ infection; 4) SARS due to another known etiologic agent; and 5) SARS due to undefined etiologic agent. For analysis purposes, the causes were dichotomized as Covid-19 and non-Covid-19. We calculated percentage change as 2021 value minus 2020 value divided by the 2020 value and then multiplied by 100. Positive and negative percentage changes indicate increase and decrease, respectively. We used p=0.05 for statistical significance. Since data is public and deidentified, this study did not seek ethical approval.

Resultados e Conclusão

In 2020 and 2021, respectively, there were 15,422 and 18,074 hospital admissions due to SARS. In both years, hospitalizations of males (54.6%) were more frequent than female (45.4%) despite being or not being Covid-19 cases (p<0.001). On average, Covid-19 cases were at least eight years older than non-Covid-19 cases in both years (p<0.001). 59.7% were Covid-19 cases in 2020 and 71.1% in 2021, an increase of 19.1%. non-Covid-19 SARS hospitalizations decreased by 28.3%, from 40.3% to 28.9%. In the first year of the pandemic, white people were the majority (45.1%, p<0.001) of the Covid-19 hospitalizations while black/mixed race were the majority (45.3%, p<0.001) in the second year. The mortality rate for SARS related to COVID-19 (28.9%) was almost twice as high as that for non-COVID-19 SARS (15.1%) in the period (p<0.001). We conclude that the percentage of SARS hospitalizations due to Covid-19 increased while decreased for non-COVID-19 in the period. Covid-19 cases were older than non-Covid-19 cases and there were sex and racial differences in hospitalizations and deaths, and worse in the second year of the pandemic.

Palavras-chave

Covid-19, Hospital admission, Pandemic, SARS

Agradecimentos

FUNDECT-MS